How Does the Alcohol Implant Work?

An alcohol implant, also known as disulfiram implantation or Esperal treatment, is a supportive method in alcohol addiction therapy. It involves inserting disulfiram tablets under the skin to create a strong aversion to alcohol. If alcohol is consumed, the implant causes severe physical reactions by blocking its proper metabolism — deterring further drinking through discomfort and fear of consequences.

What Does the Procedure Look Like?

The procedure itself is relatively quick and minimally invasive. It is performed under local anesthesia by a qualified surgeon. After disinfecting the skin and administering anesthesia, the doctor makes a small incision and inserts between 8 and 10 tablets of disulfiram. If you want to better understand how this fits into broader addiction therapy, visit Help Me With Alcohol, where you’ll find more detailed support resources. The wound is then stitched up, and the patient is free to go home shortly after. The tablets slowly release the active substance into the bloodstream, keeping the body in a state where alcohol intake causes immediate physical discomfort.

Before undergoing the procedure, patients must abstain from alcohol for at least 12 hours. Failing to do so may lead to serious complications during or immediately after implantation.

How Long Does the Implant Last?

The duration of effectiveness depends on the number of tablets inserted and individual metabolism. On average, the implant remains active for up to 8 months. Throughout this period, disulfiram continuously influences the body’s reaction to alcohol, maintaining the deterrent effect. After this time, a new implant may be considered if the therapy is to be continued.

Possible Side Effects and Risks

The most significant side effects occur only if alcohol is consumed while the implant is in place. These include increased blood pressure, heart rhythm disturbances, severe nausea, breathing difficulties, or even heart attack. In extreme cases, it can lead to loss of consciousness — which is why it is essential to follow all medical guidelines.

Even without alcohol intake, the implant can cause fatigue, irritability, digestive discomfort, appetite loss, allergic reactions, erectile dysfunction, and mood disorders such as anxiety or depression. Due to these risks, disulfiram therapy should be monitored closely by a medical professional.

Who Should Not Use the Implant?

There are several contraindications to the use of disulfiram implants. These include cardiovascular conditions (like hypertension or heart failure), severe psychiatric illnesses (including depression or suicidal thoughts), liver dysfunction, and known allergies to disulfiram. The procedure is also not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. In cases where a patient is intoxicated or has recently consumed alcohol, the implantation must be delayed.

Is the Implant Alone Enough to Treat Alcoholism?

The alcohol implant should not be seen as a cure for alcoholism on its own. It does not reduce alcohol cravings, nor does it address the psychological or emotional root causes of addiction. For the therapy to be effective, it must be part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes regular psychological support — such as cognitive-behavioral therapy — and continuous medical supervision. The goal should be to change the patient’s relationship with alcohol, not just instill fear of drinking. While the implant can be a useful tool, long-term sobriety requires personal commitment, support systems, and a focus on lasting behavioral change.